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ZeusAres42

I highly recommend reading 50 Great Myths of Popular Psychology and you can buy this from here: https://www.amazon.co.uk/Great-Myths-Popular-Psychology-Misconceptions/dp/1405131128

Here some of the myths I can think of off the top of my head:

References, recommended and further reading resources:

MayCaesar

Here is a few from me:

Alcohol impairs one's intelligence. - Not true; alcohol impairs one's ability to concentrate and dampen's one's emotional response to external stimuli, but does not change the actual ability to think.

Speeding causes car crashes. - Somewhat counter-intuitively, this has not been confirmed by research. What has been confirmed is that car crashes are frequently caused by large spread of car speeds. That is, speeding in itself does not increase the risk of getting into a car accident, but speeding where nobody else is speeding - or not speeding where everybody else is speeding - impairs the drivers' ability to judge speeds and distances, increasing the probability of driving errors.

Staring at computer screen damages eyesight. - Despite prevalence of this view (my parents held it, for example, which is why up until the age of 11 I was not allowed to use computer for more than 30 minutes a day), research has not confirmed it. Granted, various side effects were found to be likely to develop with computer overuse, such as dry eyes, headaches and so on. But none of them is associated with permanent eyesight damage, and they are all reversible.

Wealth does not cause happiness. - Happiness is somewhat subjective, and, unfortunately, the best tool we have at measuring it is simply surveying large groups of people and asking them if they are happy. Still, for a large enough sample, this can lead to a fairly accurate estimate of how happy people in different wealth brackets are. And the results are universal for all such surveys: there is a very strong correlation between one's material wealth and their self-reported level of happiness. Now, wealth obviously is not the only ingredient, and even very wealthy people can sometimes be very miserable - however, the overall trend is clear.

People used to be healthier in the past. - This myth is perpetuated by many diet gurus, claiming that "back in the days", when people ate everything organic, moved around a lot and spent a lot of time outside, they were very healthy. Yet the biological and historical analysis shows exactly the opposite: even correcting for the incredibly high infant and child mortality rates of the past, the life expectancy was less than 50% of what it is today in the Western World throughout the entire history, up until several centuries ago. There were many ways people could die which are easily solvable with modern medicine... But more interestingly, even their diet was worse! Organic food is not necessarily better than "artificial" food, and people used to deal with all kinds of issues, such as spoiled/dirty food, lack of sufficient amount of food, undigestable food, alcohol poisoning and so on. It is true that a higher fraction of people are overweight nowadays than, pretty much, at any point in human history - but even with that in mind, people eat, on average, much healthier than before, thanks to the achievements of modern science and agriculture.